Journal of Academic Perspectives

Volume 2012 No. 1

A Policy for Sustainability of Low Volume Traffic Roads in an Australian Context

Kerry John McManus, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia

Religion, Politics and American Foreign Policy in the Middle East

Robert A. Sedler, Wayne State University, US

Religious Reflections from the Life of Emily Bronte: The Number Three and its Significance in Wuthering Heights

Janet Crosier, Springfield Technical Community College, US

Preschool Education in Belize, Central America

Pamela R. Cook, PRC Educational Consultant Services, US

A Policy for Sustainability of Low Volume Traffic Roads in an Australian Context

Kerry John McManus, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia

Low Volume Traffic (LVT) roads make up the vast bulk of the Australian road network. The network ranges from tracks joining farms to sealed roads linking the major country centres. The problem for a country, which has a vast geographical area with a relatively small population, is to maintain this system of roads with the minimum practical investment, in a sustainable manner.
The unusual circumstances of the Australian environment of the driest continent on earth, a geologically old continent and a weather pattern that regularly produces prolonged drought and periods of heavy rainfall in parts of the country, all impinge on the performance of pavements, influencing their lifecycle. The deep weathering of the surface rocks has limited the availability of high quality gravels. The relative d
McManus_K.pdf
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Religion, Politics and American Foreign Policy in the Middle East

Robert A. Sedler, Wayne State University, US

In the United States, religion and politics are intertwined. This entwinement helps to explain America’s strong and unwavering support for Israel. Jewish-Americans, virtually across the board, are strong supporters of Israel, despite strong disagreement over a solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
The influence of Jewish-Americans on American foreign policy in the Middle East is primarily by way of Jewish strength in the Democratic party. Not only do Jewish-Americans strongly support Democratic candidates in all elections, but all but one of the disproportionately high numbers of Jewish Senators and Representatives in Congress are Democrats.
The Republicans are also strong supporters of Israel, because many conservative Christians, an important component of Republican voters, bel
Sedler_R.pdf
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Religious Reflections from the Life of Emily Bronte: The Number Three and its Significance in Wuthering Heights

Janet Crosier, Springfield Technical Community College, US

Nineteenth-century British author Emily Bronte makes nearly fifty references to the number three in her only novel, Wuthering Heights. With such an overwhelming use of this specific number, it seems unlikely that Bronte used it merely by coincidence. Forty-seven instances where the number three is used are in reference to lengths of time, while other references indicate numbers of particular items or characters. It is of interest that the number three is a highly significant religious number. Since Emily Bronte was raised in a religious household, by a father who was a pastor and by an extremely religious aunt, the spiritual significance of three is the best answer to the question of why Bronte would have reflected upon and chosen to use this one number almost exclusively in Wuthering
Crosier_J.pdf
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Preschool Education in Belize, Central America

Pamela R. Cook, PRC Educational Consultant Services, US

Despite the convincing argument for the importance of early childhood education world-wide, more than 200 million children under the age of five and living in developing countries do not reach their developmental potential (McGregor, McGregor, Cheung, Cueto, Glewwe, Richter, Strupp, 2007). Early childhood educationalists have explored over a decade and still ask the same questions regarding appropriate health, growth, and development of young children (Cook, 2010). This may be the explanation for the plight for extensive international early learning research to be considered the challenge and focus of current debates today (Abbott & Nutbrown, 2001).
Although curriculum reform of the international sense in early childhood education is not new, much of the research in the field of early l
Cook_R.pdf
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Volume 2012 No. 1

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